įever, the cardinal symptom of sepsis, is common among patients admitted to the ICU. In the present time, organ dysfunction is defined in terms of a change in baseline Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In 2010, sepsis accounted for approximately 5% of deaths in England. Sepsis is a major threat to human health and is among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). External cooling may even be deleterious. The use of antipyretic therapy is associated with increased risk of mortality in septic ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation. In our regression model, antipyretic therapy was positively associated with mortality risk (odds ratio : 1.41, 95% CI: 1.20–1.66, p < 0.001). External cooling was associated with increased risk of death (13.5% versus 9.5%, p < 0.001). We did not find any significant difference in the proportion of patients receiving antipyretic medication between survivors and nonsurvivors (7.9% versus 7.4%, p = 0.49). A total of 8,711 patients with mechanical ventilator were included in our analysis, and 1523 patients died. Logistic regression model and R language (R version 3.2.3 ) were used to explore the association of antipyretic therapy and mortality risk in critically ill patients with sepsis receiving mechanical ventilation treatment. All patients meeting the criteria for sepsis and also receiving mechanical ventilation treatment were included for analysis, all of whom suffer from fever or hyperthermia. In this study, we employed the multiparameter intelligent monitoring in intensive care II (MIMIC-II) database (version 2.6). The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of antipyretic therapy on mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation.
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